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Kinematics of AWM and MKW Poor Clusters
We have measured 1365 redshifts to a limiting magnitude of R~15.5 in 15AWM/MKW clusters and have collected another 203 from the literature inMKW 4s, MKW 2, and MKW 2s. In AWM 7 we have extended the redshift sampleto R~18 in the cluster center. We have identified 704 cluster members in17 clusters; 201 are newly identified. We summarize the kinematics anddistributions of the cluster galaxies and provide an initial discussionof substructure, mass and luminosity segregation, spectral segregation,velocity-dispersion profiles, and the relation of the central galaxy toglobal cluster properties. We compute optical mass estimates, which wecompare with X-ray mass determinations from the literature. The clustersare in a variety of dynamical states, reflected in the three classes ofbehavior of the velocity-dispersion profile in the core: rising,falling, or flat/ambiguous. The velocity dispersion of the emission-linegalaxy population significantly exceeds that of the absorption-linegalaxies in almost all of the clusters, and the presence ofemission-line galaxies at small projected radii suggests continuinginfall of galaxies onto the clusters. The presence of a cD galaxy doesnot constrain the global cluster properties; these clusters are similarto other poor clusters that contain no cD. We use the similarity of thevelocity-dispersion profiles at small radii and the cD-like galaxies'internal velocity dispersions to argue that cD formation is a localphenomenon. Our sample establishes an empirical observational baselineof poor clusters for comparison with simulations of similar systems.Observations reported in this paper were obtained at the Multiple MirrorTelescope Observatory, a facility operated jointly by the University ofArizona and the Smithsonian Institution; at the Whipple Observatory, afacility operated jointly by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatoryand Harvard University; and at the WIYN Observatory, a joint facility ofthe University of Wisconsin-Madison, Indiana University, YaleUniversity, and the National Optical Astronomy Observatories.
| Kinematics and Mass Profile of AWM 7
We have measured 492 redshifts (311 new) in the direction of the poorcluster AWM 7 and have identified 179 cluster members (73 new). We usetwo independent methods to derive a self-consistent mass profile, underthe assumptions that the absorption-line galaxies are virialized andthat they trace an underlying Navarro, Frenk, & White (NFW) dark matterprofile: (1) we fit such an NFW profile to the radial distribution ofgalaxy positions and to the velocity dispersion profile; (2) we applythe virial mass estimator to the cluster. With these assumptions, thetwo independent mass estimates agree to ~15% within 1.7 h-1Mpc, the radial extent of our data; we find an enclosed mass~(3+/-0.5)x1014 h-1 Msolar. The largestpotential source of systematic error is the inclusion of youngemission-line galaxies in the mass estimate. We investigate the behaviorof the surface term correction to the virial mass estimator underseveral assumptions about the velocity anisotropy profile, still withinthe context of the NFW model, and remark on the sensitivity of derivedmass profiles to outliers. We find that one must have data out to alarge radius in order to determine the mass robustly, and that thesurface term correction is unreliable at small radii.
| A Photometric and Kinematic Study of AWM 7
We have measured redshifts and Kron-Cousins R-band magnitudes for asample of galaxies in the poor cluster AWM 7. We have measured redshiftsfor 172 galaxies; 106 of these are cluster members. We determine theluminosity function (LF) from a photometric survey of the central 1.2 x1.2 h^-1 Mpc. The LF has a bump at the bright end and a faint-end slopeof alpha = -1.37 +/- 0.16, populated almost exclusively byabsorption-line galaxies. The cluster velocity dispersion is lower inthe core (~530 km s^-1) than at the outskirts (~680 km s^-1), consistentwith the cooling flow seen in the X-ray. The cold core extends ~150 h^-1kpc from the cluster center. The Kron-Cousins R-band mass-to-light ratioof the system is 650 +/- 170 h M_ȯ/L_ȯ, substantially lower thanprevious optical determinations, but consistent with most previous X-raydeterminations. We adopt H_0 = 100 h km s^-1 Mpc^-1 throughout thispaper; at the mean cluster redshift (5247 +/- 76 km s^-1), 1 h^-1 Mpcsubtends 65.5′.
| Kinematics and dynamics of the MKW/AWM poor clusters
We report 472 new redshifts for 416 galaxies in the regions of the 23poor clusters of galaxies originally identified by Morgan, Kayser, andWhite (MKW), and Albert, White, and Morgan (AWM). Eighteen of the poorclusters now have 10 or more available redshifts within 1.5/h Mpc of thecentral galaxy; 11 clusters have at least 20 available redshifts. Basedon the 21 clusters for which we have sufficient velocity information,the median velocity scale is 336 km/s, a factor of 2 smaller than foundfor rich clusters. Several of the poor clusters exhibit complex velocitydistributions due to the presence of nearby clumps of galaxies. We checkon the velocity of the dominant galaxy in each poor cluster relative tothe remaining cluster members. Significantly high relative velocities ofthe dominant galaxy are found in only 4 of 21 poor clusters, 3 of whichwe suspect are due to contamination of the parent velocity distribution.Several statistical tests indicate that the D/cD galaxies are at thekinematic centers of the parent poor cluster velocity distributions.Mass-to-light ratios for 13 of the 15 poor clusters for which we havethe required data are in the range 50 less than or = M/LB(0)less than or = 200 solar mass/solar luminosity. The complex nature ofthe regions surrounding many of the poor clusters suggests that thesegroupings may represent an early epoch of cluster formation. Forexample, the poor clusters MKW7 and MKWS are shown to be gravitationallybound and likely to merge to form a richer cluster within the nextseveral Gyrs. Eight of the nine other poor clusters for which simpletwo-body dynamical models can be carried out are consistent with beingbound to other clumps in their vicinity. Additional complex systems withmore than two gravitationally bound clumps are observed among the poorclusters.
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